2022-2023 : Chocs internationaux et tensions internes

Abstract

This chapter analyzes the transmission of international shocks to the Haitian economy in 2022-2023. Rising global prices for energy and food, combined with structural import dependence, fueled inflation that could not be controlled by monetary instruments alone. The BRH continued a strategy of sterilization, foreign-exchange interventions, and restrictive liquidity management. These actions temporarily limited some nominal tensions but also deepened credit contraction and the vulnerability of the productive sector. The chapter emphasizes the imported nature of much of the inflation and the multiplier effect of domestic tensions: insecurity, logistical blockages, fiscal weakness, and loss of confidence. It shows that Haitian monetary policy remains trapped in a reactive logic toward shocks it cannot prevent or absorb alone.